Background: Multiple predictive scores using Electronic Patient Record data have been developed for hospitalised\npatients at risk of clinical deterioration. Methods used to select patient centred variables for inclusion in these\nscores varies. We performed a systematic review to describe univariate associations with unplanned Intensive Care\nUnit (ICU) admission with the aim of assisting model development for future scores that predict clinical\ndeterioration.\nMethods: Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.\nIncluded studies were published since 2000 describing an association between patient centred variables and unplanned\nICU admission determined using univariate analysis. Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts\nagainst inclusion and exclusion criteria. DistillerSR (Evidence Partners, Canada, Ottawa, Ontario) software was used to\nmanage the data and identify duplicate search results. All screening and data extraction forms were implemented within\nDistillerSR. Study quality was assessed using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Variables were analysed\nfor strength of association with unplanned ICU admission.\nResults: The database search yielded 1520 unique studies; 1462 were removed after title and abstract review; 57\nunderwent full text screening; 16 studies were included. One hundred and eighty nine variables with an evaluated\nunivariate association with unplanned ICU admission were described.\nDiscussion: Being male, increasing age, a history of congestive cardiac failure or diabetes, a diagnosis of hepatic disease\nor having abnormal vital signs were all strongly associated with ICU admission.\nConclusion: These findings will assist variable selection during the development of future models predicting unplanned\nICU admission.
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